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Transporters

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Colorado State University

The Sodium-Iodide Symporter.  Physiologic and Pathologic Significance.

Bowen RA

"Structure and Function.   As its name indicates, the sodium-iodide symporter simultaneously transports both Na+ and I- ions from extracellular fluid (i.e. blood) into the thyroid epithelial cell. This process is an example of secondary active transport. Energy is provided by the electrochemical gradient of sodium across the cell membrane; the low intracellular concentration of sodium is maintained by sodium pumps.     Recently, cDNAs for the rat and human sodium-iodide transporter have been cloned. Analysis of their deduced protein sequence indicates that the symporter has 13 membrane-spanning domains. The human and rat proteins are 643 and 618 amino acids in length and both contain N-linked glycosylation sites. Although the symporter appears to be glycosylated, those modifications are apparently not required for full activity. The functional receptor may be a multimer.

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