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Okerlund, Palmer
The clinical utility of fluorescent scanning of the thyroidOkerlund MD from Medical applications of fluorescent excitation, by Kaufman L, Price DC; CRC Press, 1979.
"More recently fluorescence excitation has been used to quantitate stable intrathyroidal iodine. These studies have indicated slight sex and age differences in stable iodine content, have initiated the study of the relationship of this iodine mass to thyroid physiology, and have produced clinically useful data in various thyroid disorders. Summarized results from thyroid stable iodide quantitation in a large number of patients with common thyroid diseases are shown in Table 1."
"With regard to iodine quantitation, we have found that the mean value of glandular stable iodine in normal males is approximately 10 mg and the mean female level approximately 9 mg."
"Our initial studies indicate that the mean value of thyroidal stable iodine may decline somewhat with age.... In a series of normal patients, there was no significant correlation of glandular stable iodine content with thyroidal isotope uptake, serum thyroxine, serum triiodothyronine, or the serum ratio of the two latter hormones."
"In cases of hyperthyroid Graves' disease, the total thyroidal stable iodine content is generally increased in proportion to size of the patient's goiter, implying a concentration of stable iodine which is not greatly different from normal values."
"Thyroid nodules found in this laboratory to be nonfunctioning by imaging with sodium I-123 or Tc-99m pertechnetate have invariably contained no detectable stable iodine by the fluorescent technique."
"Nodules found to be functioning with radioiodide or pertechnetate contain stable iodine in almost all cases, and this content is generally in proportion to the amount of tissue mass present. Large single autonomous thyroid nodules may contain as much as 10 to 15 mg total stable iodine."
"Total thyroidal stable iodine content is decreased in many cases of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and undetectable in some of these.... Values tend to be particularly low in patients with hypothyroidism of this etiology."
"In almost all cases of this disease [nodular goiter], the total glandular iodine content is normal or slightly elevated, although the iodine per gram of tissue must be decreased in the majority of these cases since the thyroids are characteristically enlarged. Levels appear roughly correlated with gland size, however."
"The lower levels of stable thyroidal iodine found in some elderly patients without other evidence of thyroid abnormality may lead to additional understanding of thyroid physiology in old age. For example, it may explain the common observation of a gradual enlargement of the gland with age."
The clinical utility of simultaneous fluorescent thyroid scanning and intrathyroidal stable iodine quantitationOkerlund, MD, Sommers J, Deconinck F, Swann S, Kaufman L Clin Res. 1977. 25, 105A. [citation only]
Low cost intrathyroidal stable iodine quantitation with an improved fluorescent thryoid scannerOkerlund MD, Palmer DW, Deconinck F, Sommers J, Swann S, Lim C, Kaufman L Medical Radionuclide Imaging, Vol 1, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria, 1977, 485. [citation only]
Low cost intrathyroidal iodine quantification with a fluorescent scanner.Palmer DW, Deconinck F, Swann SJ, Okerlund M, Kaufman L, Hoffer PB. Radiology. 1976 Jun;119(3):733-5. [abstract only]
"A thyroid fluorescent scanner has proven to be useful for imaging thyroids in cases where isotope scans are contraindicated. Minor modifications of a commercially available scanner make possible total intrathyroidal quantification, which aids in the differentiation between primary and secondary hypothyroidism and in the diagnosis of thyroiditis."
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