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Utiger
The NAS perchlorate review: adverse effects?Johnston RB Jr, Corley R, Cowan L, Utiger RD. Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Nov;113(11):A728-9;
"Finally, Ginsberg and Rice (2005) argued that inhibition of thyroid iodide uptake is adverse. That conclusion assumes that any acute inhibition would be sustained, so thyroid hormone production would decrease. That is not the case. There is remarkable compensation for even substantial reductions in thyroid iodide uptake—and thyroid hormone production. As noted above, subjects given 0.04 mg/kg per day for 6 months and 9.2 mg/kg per day for 4 weeks—doses that certainly would inhibit thyroid iodide uptake for a few weeks—had no decrease in serum thyroid hormone or increase in serum thyrotropin concentrations (the hallmark of even mild hypothyroidism). Short-term inhibition of thyroid iodide uptake is not an adverse effect; it has no adverse consequences because there is rapid compensation mediated by several independent processes. One of these processes is up-regulation of the thyroid sodium-iodide transport system, as a result of intrathyroidal iodide deficiency. The second, should there be even a very small decrease in thyroid hormone production, is an increase in thyrotropin secretion, resulting in overall stimulation of the thyroid gland. Analyses of the effects of any substance on thyroid function must take these compensatory processes into account, particularly the fact that the effect of any substance that inhibits thyroid function will diminish with time. Only if all of these mechanisms fail will there be hypothyroidism, the first adverse effect in the continuum of effects resulting from perchlorate ingestion. If there is no inhibition of iodide uptake to begin with, there will be no other changes in thyroid function at any time."
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