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Rao
Role of goitrogens in iodine deficiency disorders & brain development.Rao PS, Lakshmy R. Indian J Med Res. 1995 Nov;102:223-6. Review. [abstract only]
"Although iodine deficiency
has primarily been implicated in the causation of goitre, the
significant role played by food goitrogens in the etiology of iodine
deficiency disorder (IDD) is being increasingly recognized. Impaired
brain development is the major cause of concern in IDD. Detailed
experimental studies were undertaken to ascertain various biochemical
changes associated with developing brain in response to treatment with
a goitrogens--thiocyanate. Addition of thiocyanate to food deprived of
KI brought down significantly the circulating levels of thyroxine (T4)
in rats. Nucleic acids and protein content in different regions of
brain were significantly lowered in rat pups exposed to thiocyanate.
The rate of microtubule assembly, which is detrimental for neurite
growth was considerably lowered, thereby influencing both myelin
deposition and synaptogenesis in developing brain. Goitrogen intake
not only caused an adaptive increase in the activity of type II
5'-deiodinase, which governs availability of triiodothyronine (T3) in
brain, it also increased the latter's binding to brain nuclear
receptors under conditions of thiocyanate induced hypothyroid state.
Addition of adequate quantities of KI mitigated thiocyanate induced
alterations by restoring circulating level of thyroxine. These
investigations suggest that goitrogens play a significant role in
influencing biochemical events unique to developing brain."
Iodine metabolism in response to goitrogen induced altered thyroid status under conditions of moderate and high intake of iodine.Lakshmy R, Rao PS, Sesikeran B, Suryaprakash P. Horm Metab Res. 1995 Oct;27(10):450-4. [abstract only]
"Metabolic experiments in
rats were undertaken to relate excretory pattern of iodine and
thiocyanate, with thyroid weight and the circulating levels of
thyroxine, in response to moderate and high intake of iodine and under
conditions of goitrogen induced altered thyroid status. On a moderate
intake of iodine (by depriving diet of KI) 25 mg of thiocyanate or
substitution of 1/3rd proportion of casein based diet with dry
cabbage, could significantly reduce plasma thyroxine level by 60 days.
Neither body weight nor the weights of liver, kidney, heart or spleen
were affected due to exposure to goitrogens. A significant increase in
thyroid weight as well as higher excretion of iodine and thiocyanate
were evident in goitrogen-fed rats. Presence of high amounts of KI, to
a certain extent, offered protection from adverse effects of the
goitrogens. Semi quantitative assessment of thyroid, indicated
hypofunctioning of thyroid with follicular hyperplasia in thiocyanate
fed rats. These alterations were of moderate degree in response to
cabbage feeding. These results emphasize that, moderate intake of
iodine, adequate to meet iodine requirement, may not ensure normal
functioning of thyroid in the presence of goitrogens." |
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