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VENTURI
Evolution of dietary antioxidants: role of iodineVenturi S, Venturi M Lecture. Feb 6, 2007
"The authors review the role of inorganic and organic forms of iodine as an antioxidant in evolution of plants and animals. Iodine is one of the most abundant electron-rich essential element in the diet of marine and terrestrial organisms. It is transported from the diet to the cells via iodide transporters. Iodide, which acts as a primitive electron-donor through peroxidase enzymes, seems to have an ancestral antioxidant function in all iodide-concentrating cells from primitive marine algae to more recent terrestrial vertebrates. Thyroxine and iodothyronines have an antioxidant activity too and, through deiodinase enzymes, are donors of iodides and indirectly of electrons. Thyroid cells phylogenetically derived from primitive gastroenteric cells, which during evolution of vertebrates migrated and specialized in uptake and storage of iodo-compounds in a new follicular “thyroidal” structure, for a better adaptation to iodine-deficient terrestrial environment. Finally, some animal and human chronic diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases, favored by dietary antioxidant deficiency, are briefly discussed."
Iodide, thyroid and stomach carcinogenesis: evolutionary story of a primitive antioxidant?Venturi S Eur J Endocinol. 1999 Apr;140(4):371-2
“The thyroid gland is, embryogenetically and phylogenetically, derived from the primitive gut, and we may consider the thyroid cells as primitive gastroenteric cells which, during evolution, migrated and specialized in the uptake of iodide and in the storage and elaboration of iodine compounds…. In conclusion, we believe that the evolutionary story of iodide and the thyroid might suggest and explain a primitive antioxidant activity of this trace element.”
Selenium and iodide: ancient antioxidants of cellular membrane lipids?Cocchi M, Venturi, S 7th International Symposium on Selenium in Biology and Medicine, Italy, Oct 2000, Abstract Book P-88:134.
“Recently, we have hypothesized that iodide might have an ancestral antioxidant function in all iodide-concentrating cells from primitive algae to more recent vertebrates.”
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