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Iodine for Animals

Wehr

Iodine balance in relation to iodine intake in ponies.

Wehr U, Englschalk B, Kienzle E, Rambeck WA.

J Nutr. 2002 Jun;132(6 Suppl 2):1767S-8S.

"Iodine is an essential trace element for both, humans and animals because iodine is part of the thyroid hormones, which play an essential role in growth and development.

"The horse has a high sensitivity for iodine: 3 to 5 µg iodine/kg body weight (BW)/d is recommended (1), based on the requirement of other species. The feed should contain 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg dry matter (2). An overdosage of iodine often occurs because of the uncontrolled use of feed supplements in horse feeding practice. Even just an extra of 35 mg iodine per day (adult horses, dry matter intake: 10 kg) can cause severe health risks, leading to enlarged thyroids and lowered triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) values (3). Therefore a clinical indicator for the estimation of the equine iodine intake would be very useful. In humans and dogs (4), renal iodine excretion is used. The objective of this investigation was to find a similar practical indicator for horses. Thus, the following variables were measured: renal iodine excretion, fecal iodine excretion, protein-bound iodine in serum and serum concentrations of the thyroid hormones T3, T4, free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4)."

Ranz

Estimation of iodine status in cats.

Ranz D, Tetrick M, Opitz B, Kienzle E, Rambeck WA.

J Nutr. 2002 Jun;132(6 Suppl 2):1751S-3S.

"Feline hyperthyroidism is the most common endocrine disorder of middle-aged to old cats in the United States. In Germany, the latest investigations have shown increasing feline hyperthyroidism (1,2). The role of iodine in feline hyperthyroidism is still not clear. A deficient or excess level of dietary iodine has been suggested by several authors as an important factor in the development of feline hyperthyroidism (3). Analyses from other countries have shown that iodine levels in prepared cat foods vary widely (4,5). Recommended iodine levels have been reported by several authors; however, figures disagree by a factor of 10 to 30 (4–8). To get more information about the iodine supplied by commercial cat foods available in Germany, iodine was measured in 92 prepared cat foods. In addition, data were collected during a feeding study investigating iodine intake and excretion in the cat, to look for a suitable variable to estimate iodine status and to check hitherto existing iodine requirement figures."

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