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Iodine and the Body

Pregnancy

• Aghini-Lombardi
• Allen
• Ardawi
• Ares
• Bader
• Burrow
• Cao, DeLong, Jiang
• Chierici
• Delange
• de Luis
• Derry
• Dorea
• Dunn
• Eltom
• Fernandez-Soto
• Filetti
• Glinoer
• Haddow
• Jancin
• Koutras
• Kung
• Laurberg, Pedersen
• Lazarus
• Liesenkotter
• Mitchell
• Mahomed
• Moon
• Moscicka
• Nishiyama
• NRDC
• Papiernik
• Reinhardt
• Rogahn
• Seibold-Weiger
• Smyth
• Soldin
• Stulc
• Tsintsadze
• Vermiglio
• Williams
• Yang
• Zimmermann

Burrow

Focus on primary care. Thyroid function and dysfunction in women.

Adlersberg MA, Burrow GN.

Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2002 Mar;57(3 Suppl):S1-7. Review.

"All forms of thyroid disease are more common in women. The reason for this gender predilection has not been entirely elucidated but may relate to the closely intertwined relationship between thyroid function and the female reproductive axis. Thyroid dysfunction influences both menstrual function and fertility, likely through changes in sex hormone levels, gonadotropin release, and possibly ovarian function. Similarly, alterations in reproductive physiology can modulate thyroid function. In such settings as pregnancy, when sex hormone levels fluctuate markedly, variations in thyroid function occur frequently. For the clinician, understanding when such alterations require intervention is critical.

TARGET AUDIENCE: Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians

LEARNING OBJECTIVES: After completion of this article, the reader will be able to describe the abnormalities of the female reproductive axis associated with both hypo- and hyperthyroidism, to summarize how female sex hormones affect thyroid function, and to explain the effects of pregnancy on thyroid conditions."

Maternal and fetal thyroid function.

Burrow GN, Fisher DA, Larsen PR.

N Engl J Med. 1994 Oct 20;331(16):1072-8. Review.

"Conception is followed by a series of hormonal and metabolic changes that involve most maternal endocrine systems. With regard to thyroid metabolism, these include an increase in serum thyroxine-binding globulin and thyroid hormone concentrations, increased renal clearance of iodine, and increased production and turnover of thyroxine (T). Fetal and maternal thyroid physiology differ, but the systems interact by means of the placenta and amniotic fluid, which modulate the transfer of iodine and small but important amounts of thyroid hormone from mother to fetus. In this article we shall review recent data and new insights regarding the changes in maternal and fetal thyroid function."

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