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Iodine and the Body

 

Pregnancy

 

Ares

 

Neonatal iodine deficiency: clinical aspects.

Ares S, Quero J, Morreale de Escobar G.

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Dec;18 Suppl 1:1257-64. Review.
[abstract only]

 

"Iodine is a trace element which is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. The thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), are necessary for adequate growth and development throughout fetal and extrauterine life. The iodine intake of newborns is entirely dependent on the iodine content of breast milk and the formula preparations used to feed them. An inadequate iodine supply might be especially dangerous in the case of premature babies. The minimum recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for different age groups has recently been revised. The iodine intake required is at least 15 microg/kg/day in full-term infants and 30 microg/kg/day in preterms. The iodine content of many evaluated preparations for feeding premature infants appears to be inadequate. Premature infants are now in a situation of iodine deficiency, precisely at a stage of psychomotor and neural development which is extremely sensitive to alterations of thyroid function."

 

 

Iodine content of infant formulas and iodine intake of premature babies: high risk of iodine deficiency.

Ares S, Quero J, Duran S, Presas MJ, Herruzo R, Morreale de Escobar G.

Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 1994 Nov;71(3):F184-91.

[abstract only]

 

"As part of a study of thyroid function in premature babies, the iodine content of their mothers' breast milk, that of 32 formulas from different brands used in Spain, and that of 127 formulas used in other countries was determined. Breast milk contained more iodine--mean (SEM) 10 (1) microgram/dl--than most of the formulas, especially those for premature babies. Iodine intakes were therefore below the recommended daily amount (RDA) for newborns: babies of 27-30 weeks' gestational age took 3.1 (1.1) micrograms/day at 5 days of age and 29.8 (2.7) micrograms by 2 months of age. This problem is not exclusive to Spanish premature babies as the iodine content of many of the formulas on sale in other countries was also inadequate. It is concluded that preterm infants who are formula fed are at high risk of iodine deficiency."
 

 
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