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Iodine and the Body

Pregnancy

• Aghini-Lombardi
• Allen
• Ardawi
• Ares
• Bader
• Burrow
• Cao, DeLong, Jiang
• Chierici
• Delange
• de Luis
• Derry
• Dorea
• Dunn
• Eltom
• Fernandez-Soto
• Filetti
• Glinoer
• Haddow
• Jancin
• Koutras
• Kung
• Laurberg, Pedersen
• Lazarus
• Liesenkotter
• Mitchell
• Mahomed
• Moon
• Moscicka
• Nishiyama
• NRDC
• Papiernik
• Reinhardt
• Rogahn
• Seibold-Weiger
• Smyth
• Soldin
• Stulc
• Tsintsadze
• Vermiglio
• Williams
• Yang
• Zimmermann

Aghini-Lombardi

Comparison of two different doses of iodide in the prevention of gestational goiter in marginal iodine deficiency: a longitudinal study.

Antonangeli L, Maccherini D, Cavaliere R, Di Giulio C, Reinhardt B, Pinchera A, Aghini-Lombardi F.

Eur J Endocrinol. 2002 Jul;147(1):29-34.

"OBJECTIVE: A prospective randomized trial was performed to assess the usefulness of iodine supplementation in the prevention of goiter in pregnant women living in marginally iodine-deficient areas.

DESIGN: Eighty-six pregnant women were recruited and randomized in two groups and treated daily for up to six months after delivery with 200 microg iodide (group A) or 50 microg iodide (group B). Sixty-seven women (32 in group A and 35 in group B) completed the study. METHODS: Thyroid volume (TV), thyroid functional parameters and urinary iodine concentration were determined in all subjects at booking, at the 18th-26th, and the 29th-33rd week of gestation, and at the 3rd and 6th month after delivery.

RESULTS: A slight but not significant increase in TV during gestation was observed only in group B. After delivery a progressive decrease in TV was documented in both groups, the final TV being significantly reduced with respect to the initial volume in group A. No significant changes in serum free thyroid hormones and TSH concentrations were found during gestation in either group. Postpartum thyroiditis was observed in 5 women (2 in group A, 3 in group B). No side effects were seen.

CONCLUSION: The present data indicate that in marginally iodine-deficient areas, the administration of iodide is recommended in pregnancy and lactation. In the conditions of the present trial a dose of 50 microg iodide/day is a safe and effective measure in preventing an increase in TV during pregnancy but a dose of 200 microg iodide/day appeared to be more effective without inducing side effects and without enhancing the frequency of post-partum thyroiditis."

Mild iodine deficiency during fetal/neonatal life and neuropsychological impairment in Tuscany.

Aghini Lombardi FA, Pinchera A, Antonangeli L, Rago T, Chiovato L, Bargagna S, Bertucelli B, Ferretti G, Sbrana B, Marcheschi M, et al.

J Endocrinol Invest. 1995 Jan;18(1):57-62.
 

"The neuropsychological performance of schoolchildren living in areas with present and past iodine deficiency in Tuscany was investigated. Children were submitted to: a) block design subtest of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) and a modified version of the WISC-R coding subtest which evaluate the general neuropsychological and cognitive performance, independently from familial cultural background; b) simple reaction time (RT) session which evaluates the efficiency of the whole information processing and nervous transmission mechanisms. Neuropsychological performance was tested in 107 children living in Borgo a Mozzano, an area of mild iodine deficiency (IDA) with a median urinary iodine excretion (UIE) of 64 micrograms/L (mean +/- SD: 80.1 +/- 57). One hundred and six sex and age-matched children living in Marina di Pisa, an iodine sufficient coastal village of Tuscany (ISA) with a median UIE of 142 micrograms/L (mean +/- SD: 173 +/- 95) were used as controls. Tests for neuropsychological performance were performed in 57 children living in the village of Vagli, an area with past iodine deficiency (PIDA): 30 children born before iodine prophylaxis (Group 1), when the median UIE was 32 micrograms/L (mean +/- SD: 47 +/- 22), 27 children born after the institution of iodine prophylaxis (Group 2), when the median UIE was 109 micrograms/L (mean +/- SD: 130 +/- 73). Sex and age-matched ISA-children were used as controls for each group. RTs were significantly delayed (p < 0.05) in IDA than in ISA children, while block design and coding subtests showed no significant difference. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)"

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