Home | Orthoiodosupplementation | Body | Disease | Special | Overviews
- Aceves
- Arturi, Filetti
- Bezpalov
- Brown-Grant
- Cann
- Carrasco
- Cho
- Clur
- Debski
- Derry
- Douglass
- Eskin-Ghent
- Flechas
- Funahashi
- Garcia-Solis
- Giani
- Hartmann
- Howenstine
- Iwamoto
- Kapdi
- Kessler
- Kogai
- Lim, Moon
- Natarajan
- Park
- Perron
- Rillema
- Saraiva
- Sekiya
- Shrivastava
- Skibola
- Smyth
- Spitzweg
- Strum
- Tazebay
- Teas
- Torremante
- Turken
- Upadhyay
- Venturi
- Wapnir
- West
Strum
Autoradiographic evidence of a loss of iodination within hormone-dependent GR mouse mammary tumors as they progress to independence.
Strum JM.
Anat Rec. 1982 Dec;204(4):323-32.
[abstract only]
"The purpose of this study was to determine by use of light- and electron-microscope autoradiography whether or not iodination occurred in mammary tumors of female GR mice. Of the sixty tumors studied it was found that pregnancy-dependent and hormone-induced tumors possessed iodinating ability. Although mammary glands from nonpregnant GR mice lacked the ability to iodinate, by the 16th day of pregnancy in response to hormonal stimulation the glands readily iodinated casein, and some epithelial cells contained ultrastructural cytochemical evidence of mammary peroxidase. Preneoplastic mammary gland lesions known as hyperplastic alveolar nodules were also able to iodinate, as were plaques, the disc-shaped lesions which give rise to the hormone-responsive mammary tumors in this strain. Plaques also contained epithelial cells with mammary peroxidase activity. When hormone-induced mammary tumors were transplanted into syngeneic mice they retained the ability to iodinate for several generations. However, as the tumors progressed to hormone independence, the ability to iodinate was gradually lost. Hormone-independent mammary tumors from GR mice lacked both iodinating ability and cytochemical evidence of mammary peroxidase. These findings suggest that iodination depends upon hormone-responsive cells within the mammary tumors and that as these cells become hormone unresponsive, the ability to iodinate is lost."
Effect of iodide-deficiency on rat mammary gland.
Strum JM.
Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol. 1979 May 31;30(2):209-20.
"When rats are kept iodide-deficient, atrophy and necrosis takes place in the mammary gland and areas of dysplasia and atypia are seen. Administration of estradiol to iodide-deficient rats stimulates cell division in the gland and leads to the formation of alveoli. Continued stimulation by estradiol produces changes in the newly-formed alveolar cells. Their nucleoli are altered and show a separation of components. Ribosomes and lipid droplets increase and the cells synthesize large vacuoles containing protein. The secretion of great quantities of this material into areas of the tissue where regressive changes have occurred undoubtedly contributes to the formation of cysts within the gland. The present findings indicate that iodide-deficiency alters the structure and function of mammary gland alveolar cells and makes them highly sensitive to stimulation by estradiol."
Site of iodination in rat mammary gland.
Strum JM.
Anat Rec. 1978 Oct;192(2):235-44.
"The ability of the mammary gland to take up and organically bind radioiodide was studied in non-pregnant, pregnant, and lactating rats. Autoradiography was used to determine whether duct cells or alveolar cells are responsible for iodination in the rat mammary gland. Iodination was not detected in mammary glands from non-pregnant rats, but occurred late in the twelfth day of gestation and continued throughout pregnancy and lactation. Protein-containing vacuoles in alveolar cells and casein-like proteins in milk were the major sites where iodination occurred within the gland. Milk proteins in the lumens of ductules adjacent to alveoli were also iodinated. In contrast, ducts, myoepithelial cells, fat cells, blood vessels and other histological components of the gland did not show iodinating capability. Cytochemistry was also used to identify endogenous mammary peroxidase activity in the same glands, and it was found that the presence and location of this enzyme was correlated with the ability to iodinate."